Diamonds, Waterfalls, and sleeping with Santa

This blog has missed far more than I can update in one entry. Since the last entry in London in June, many adventures have befallen me, mostly colorful and intense, hosteling through Wales and then getting to know my loving, open-hearted new family while learning Arapaho up on Wind River Reservation. We got a new puppy and named him Baxter, then the semester's computer programming classes were very difficult and stressful. It ended up not mattering; my mother died, my wonderful irreplaceable mother died, and the world ground to a halt anyway. Or mine did.

But time keeps passing anyway. Two years ago my friend Sarah (Banana from our time in Ghana) and I planned to go to out of the country for at least a week together every two years until we're forty. The first place we planned on was Brazil, because my old friend Ricardo owns a house in a little town here, out in the middle of the country surrounded by green forests and waterfalls where diamondhunters and goldminers hunted treasure hundreds of years ago. I started saving then and the trip was scheduled for this Christmas -- so despite my mother's death and the economic straits with which we're all so familiar now, we went on this trip anyway. I flew out of DIA on Christmas Eve and passed the night sleeping high over the earth somewhere, no doubt ever so close to Santa. Now I write from my amply-stickered laptop in a cybercafe in the little town of Pirenopolis, 3 hours south of Brasilia, right smack in the middle of the country, in mystically beautiful cobblestone hide-away no other non-Brazilian tourists seem to have discovered. The entry that follows was written last night in my friend Ricardo's ancient little house. More to follow...

_

Outside my window dusk is falling on the moss-covered garden wall. Brazilian voices with prosody as rolling as the countryside filter through the house. Behind me on the half-lit cement floor, Banana is stretching slowly and silently. Today was perfect.

Her name is Luciana, I think, and she led us to a waterfall she loves here. The dark curls of her hair, her dark skin and her willowy movements embody the beauty these forests are famous for. She and her well-traveled friends Daniela and Luiz came over to Ricardo’s house to visit with Bianca, and within half an hour I was thrilled to hear them invite us to a chapoiera, a waterfall. We walked on slate stone sidewalks through the whole town, out to the Bom Fim barrio on the edge of a sea of green, rapt the entire time in conversation. Our new friends are around our age and of similar political and interpersonal mindset, very good at listening, mostly able to understand and speak English and very kind. We spent the whole day together, sliding through languages and musings alike.

After stopping for water (none for me) at Luciana’s house, we walked some 20 minutes down a paved road that ribboned over the hills, then turned off on an unpaved one with trees overhanging it and red dirt under broken white rock. A quarry stands in stark contrast to the forests some short ways outside of Pirenopolis, and it is obvious why this stone is popular: it glistens like water, shot throughout with sparkling flakes of metal that catch the sun in silver and gold. After we hiked through a vine-tangled stretch of jungle very reminiscent of Hawaii, the river to our right opened up into pools and waterfalls, framed in this same breathtaking rock. We all stripped down to our bathingsuits and waded into the flow since it was too shallow to jump in the part of the river where we were. After an hour of loafing about in the cool water and climbing the mossy boulders in the river, it began to rain steadily, and we turned to head home. The sun shone and the day was pleasantly warm; much of my body stings as I write, kissed into red by sunburn earned with my forgetfulness. They do sell sunscreen here, I just put off buying any until it was too late. Tomorrow.

Architecture, Art, and the Exhaustingly Endangered

The University of London's School for Oriental and African Studies, SOAS, has an Endangered Language Documentation Programme that funds linguists doing research on disappearing languages all over the globe. Oddly enough, it is this institution -- an English one centered on Asia and Africa -- that will fund our work on Arapaho, so they flew both me and my advisor Andy to London for a week of (brutally dense) training. It's a very encouraging way to start my PhD -- professionally funded international travel -- but until today my exposure to the country was limited to a conference room. The training in microphone techniques, linguistic documentation software, strategies of elicitation (getting people to say what you want in a natural way, which almost always means they can't realize you want them to say it) -- all that has been fascinating and invaluable, but since 15 linguists from around the world have 6 days to understand everything, the stress level and grumpiness has been getting difficult to stomach. Today was our one day off, but I'm staying three days extra to take a train to Wales and add an automatically validated Harry Potter (in Welsh) to my collection.
The day was wonderfully refreshing. I chose two spots to see, and to think about: St. Paul's Cathedral and the crypts below it, then the Tower of London (which is really more like a castle historically used as a prison complex). The rose garden around the cathedral was gorgeous; the wrought-iron spikes atop the boundary fence certainly looked like a sufficient deterrent. The cathedral was designed in the baroque (enormously ornate) style by a scientist named Christopher Wren. A raging fire ate up all of London in 1666, so at the age of 31 this brilliant fellow became an architect, and designed 52 churches so London could replace the many it had lost. It felt very much like a smaller version of the Notre Dame from the inside -- the sort of place where you find yourself whispering without meaning to.
From there I took one of those big red double-decker buses to Tower Hill, where the juxtaposition of architectural styles and the density of buildings really showcases London's urban history. In the lower part of the wall in this picture you can see the slits through which archers fended off those attackers foolish enough to get into the moat at the base of the wall; the upper right-most part of the old brick is mostly dark but with patches of lighter colors owing to reconstruction after bombings in WWII; then there's that obvious, weird, phallic glass bit so very impossible not to notice above it all. It seems as though the city multiplied in a desperately haphazard manner, densely filling every available inch with a building. The history of the fortress itself can best be described as shockingly violent; more than 100 people were publicly executed in front of eager crowds, some of whom were so madly thrilled to see beheadings that they crushed and injured each other in the process. Apparently the upper-class prisoners were treated to private executions instead, and kept in their prison towers with retinues of servants.
My last stop was the British Museum, which is truly a wonderful place. This beautiful art -- does one call that a statue? a sculpture? -- stands in their atrium, which is indisputably another work of art. The museum is free and allows you to take pictures, both of which are an incredible gift.
It houses what is to me, as a linguist, the absolute Holy Grail: the Rosetta Stone itself. It's a large dark hunk of rock (looks like marble) with the same law carved in three different languages, one after the other. The first language is Egyptian hieroglyphics, the second a long-dead script called Demotic, and the third Greek. This allowed historical linguists to crack the code of Egyptian hieroglyphics, since by the time linguists came around, everyone who understood hieroglyphics was also long-dead.

Antiquity

There is a bell at the British Museum that is 100 times as old as I am. Not just 100 years old, which alone is sort of unfathomable in a practical sense (especially if you're Bigwig or Fiver), but 100 years for every 1 year of mine -- 3300 years old, shaped in the oldest bronzeworking culture of which the museum had evidence. Some time in the 13th century BC a metalworker in Southern China fashioned the large bell of hot metal, and since then it has slowly crept from deep brown to a mottled emerald green. Imagine what that man's creation has witnessed! Imagine that man himself; he lived before plastic, so he would have worn only things made from fiber, animal furs and wood -- in an age before grocery stores and doctors' offices, so he'd have been lucky to be as old as I am before the spirits took him. Long before bikes or cars, he would have seen only the land upon which he was born, perhaps several days' walking distance from it, equivalent to a person born in Boulder never seeing past the humanfarms of Westminster. Since there were no magazines or photographs when he lived, the only faces that could register as attractive or otherwise would be those with whom he actually interacted -- his sister, his mother, his cousins, his friends, his wife. With no television and no internet, the only lives he could compare to his own would be in his immediate environment: no one would have far more than him, no one far less.

What a different time that old bronze bell still breathes. How fleeting must seem the greatest, most epic of our tragedies and triumphs. A piece of metal crafted by hands like ours, by a mind like ours, in a world almost unthinkable to us -- that one man's work now rests behind glass in a museum that is visited by millions of people every month, reminding us that what we do may last. One man in an ancient village in Southwest China has set millions upon millions of others to thinking: maybe I too can make something with my time here that will outlast the millenia, change the world with my hands too in a way that will set millions upon millions to thinking...

Waterfalls, Old Shoes and Satisfaction

We hiked to two waterfalls. For the first one, we kayaked inland up Wailua River before hiking into the jungle. This is the same forest where Indiana Jones almost got stuck with darts at the very beginning of Raiders. It is easy to see why so many movies have been filmed here -- Kaua'i is covered with primeval forests, and they are both psychologically transporting and quite easy to get lost in. We did get lost on our way back -- only for 5 minutes, but they were my favorite 5 minutes. Our kayak matched the gorgeous blended colors of the most common flower in the trees -- and the Tevas I'm wearing are the same ones that took me through West Africa and down to southern Mexico. They belonged to Mom before me and are such good friends that taking them out of service would lessen the experience of travel. They're only a decade old; time to replace the velcro again and I'm sure they'll see me to another continent.

The second hike was much longer, took an entire day and involved no tour guide; definitely the more dramatic and satisfying of the two. We wore our bathingsuits and left the car at the end of the island's one big road. Brian is standing in front of the beach half way to the big falls, Hanakapi'ai. The cave with the breathtaking water is directly behind him in this shot. It was spooky -- the water was gorgeous as far as the sunlight reached, and then the cave was pitch black -- but the water continued through like a tunnel. You can sort of see it in this picture, but it was like swimming through a lava bubble -- floating on my back looking up at the black jagged angles of the ceiling, it was very easy to imagine the volcanic birth of the island. The edges seem so sharp, just barely weathered.
Very exciting -- enchanting, transporting, and now part of a memory already.

These beautiful columbine greeted us upon our return to our home, where after a day of confused exhaustion we are successfully recalibrating to life as normal. We will have been together 7 years as of tomorrow, 5/20/2008, and married 3 years as of 5/25. It was truly wonderful to dedicate a whole week to enjoying each other, with no obligations to distract us from that priority -- the greater challenge now is how to navigate work and life while maintaining the enjoyment of the connection.

Super dooper ultra fantastico -- no, really :o)

The last entry was two months ago -- with good reason. Since I last wrote, I made it into the CU Linguistics PhD program, signed up for the double PhD in Cognitive Science, and got a grant that pays my tuition for the next two years -- making a conversational database of Arapaho. The same grant is flying me to London in June to be trained in endangered language documentation at the University of London's School for Oriental and Asian Studies (oddly enough) -- my first international trip paid for by my career (which rocks). My first presentation at a professional linguistics conference was in April, and since then it's been a mad dash for May 9th, the last day of semester.

My semester ended ended a touch early because at 5am on May 9th Brian and I were waiting for the AB bus to DIA, to fly to Kaua'i, which is where we are now -- we finally are going on our honeymoon, and just in time for the 3rd anniversary of our elopement over lunch hour. Despite the enormous frustration of postponing the honeymoon for a dog surgery, a new air conditioner in a Colorado summer, a new clutch -- my new conclusion is that waiting 3 years after a wedding to celebrate intimacy via a week of utter relaxation may well be more productive (and certainly more... needed) 3 years late.

So there's what's going on, and here's what we've done so far:The view from our condo, compliments of our fantastic friend Nancy; a baby sea turtle swam right up to check me out while I snorkeled here yesterday.

We went snorkeling here, but Brian's feet and hands got cut up on the coral.

The ocean is amazingly meditative. This is the sunrise, right outside our condo, since the sun rises at 10am Colorado time.











Went snorkeling again down in Lihu'e, found some really... distinctive sunglasses.








And here's today, the Na Pali Coast where lots of movies were filmed. Spinner dolphins leaped in twisting arcs out of the bluest, clearest water I can remember seeing.

Reflections from the 42nd Mile Marker

My home is a silhouette of mountains.

They anchor my wanderings with constant orientation,

remind me gently in contours

that exactly where I am

is exactly where I am meant to be –

At the foot of Tolkeinite slopes of rock

while the rose-tinted blush of morning awakens stark against

the breath-taking depth of

Colorado sky.

Poem found in calligraphy practice papers

**If you're looking for Pi Memorization help, scroll down; it's below this post.

This poem was written long ago, pre-Finn, but was likely written with all thought given to its script rather than its content -- meaning it's not that substantial since the composer was rapt in the writing, practicing calligraphy. It was still pleasant to stumble across such a positive sentiment forgotten in the papers of my office this morning, however lacking in art it may be.

If it were but always so,
the whisper of summer in the trees
like 7th graders falling in love,

When the world is defined by
intensity and dizzying desire,

When the birds are so loud in the morning
that I wish through my dreams
that the window were open --

But somehow or other the
Earth is awakening in bloom and I
am set to aching by
the beauty of the Spring.

How to Memorize Your Own Pi by 3/14

Numerical associations: where to start and why to start there

The more associations you link with any single idea, the more neuronal pathways there are to activating its representation again – the more different stimuli will bring it to mind. The web provides a perfect analogy. If you have a webpage but there are no links to it from other websites, it can only be accessed by entering its actual address (or value) in the browser; if 10 friends have links to your page from theirs, 11 different web addresses can lead to it – so it’s a whole lot easier to find. In the same way, knowing the value of a number gives you one association with it, posts it as your primary webpage so to speak; people with a disorder called Cognitive Synesthesia perceive numbers as being inherently colored, so they have two links to the number, both the value itself (like 5) and the color they associate with it (like blue). There are 5 kids in my family, so for me the number 5 can trigger thoughts of childhood. Lots of numbers make you think of other things, just arbitrary associations common to all of us that we’ve learned because we’re in this culture:

• 666 – evil
• 911 – an emergency
• 9-eleven – the tragedy that occurred on that date
• 7-eleven – a convenience store

Other such associations are specific to what demographic you hang out with.

• 501 – Levi’s 501 Jeans (if you’re a child of the 80s)
• 10-four – old buddy (if you’re a trucker)
• to 86 something – to nix it, say no, I have no idea where this comes from
• 42 – the Answer (if you’re into Life, the Universe and Everything)
• 420 and 69 –very specific ideas entirely unrelated to the value of the numbers and generally not discussed in undergraduate classes (but understood by almost all undergraduates)

Unquestionably the best source for numbers with associations is your own life, though. Dates, ages, phone numbers present or past, zipcodes present or past – relevant to you or to anyone you know – those are all numbers with passive associations to ideas. All of the associations I have mentioned are passive because none of us ever said “the number 666 will from now on remind me of evil”. That would be an intentional, conscious, ‘explicit’ pairing, whereas passive associations are often unconscious or ‘implicit’, just made stronger by repetitive exposure. When two neuronal representations are activated at the same time, the connection between them grows stronger, so one representation ‘primes’ the activation of its match. That’s the premise underlying this whole game: the stronger the pairing between one idea and a second, the more quickly remembering that one will remind you of the second.

Diversify, diversify, diversify

That premise has a twin – the more representations that are linked, the easier it is to find any one of them. Different senses or “modalities” are a great way to create completely different links in your brain to the same representation. I have tried to recruit many regions of my brain to remember numbers instead of relying on the single strategy of semantic encoding (my term for putting meaning into numbers with idea association). Some of the other strategies are the following:

• visual (recruits occipital cortex): color-coding ‘chunks’ by the value of the first digit; using a fixed presentation of digits for visual context clues learning it by practicing on a spreadsheet;
• auditory (recruits temporal cortex): listening to my own voice repeating the sequence, listening to the same music starting at exactly the same place every time, pairing every number with a specific note and remembering the melody
• spatial (recruits cortex distributed across regions): Melissa Dawe invented the famous Pi Samba in which she stands on the 5 of a number pad and the steps of the dance correspond to the locations of the numbers around her, with special flair thrown in when digits repeat.
• kinetic/tactile (recruits motor and sensory cortex): just typing the numbers on a number pad (this is starting to work but I’m too slow at it for it to help much right now). The Pi Samba also recruits motor cortex for the movement to execute it, but the intermediate step of imagining where number keys would be in a hypothetical number pad makes the resulting representation in the motor cortex secondary to (so probably weaker than) the abstract spatial representation.

For me, semantic encoding is by far the strongest and easiest strategy, but I’ve always read a whole bunch, so stories come naturally in my head. If you’ve played the piano, the keypad method might encode more efficiently; if you do martial arts or dance, the Pi Samba might stick better; if you’re an artist, go with color or weird fonts.

I memorize Pi by first making my own passive associations explicit, so I have a conscious repertoire of numbers that stand for ideas, then bolstering that vocabulary with lots of intentional associations. Some numbers (like 75, the year I was born) refer to a noun (like me); some numbers (like 66) act like adjectives (30-66-47, me(30)-mad at (66)-my dad(47)), and a very few refer to verbs (to 86 something). Often a number like 82 will identify the time of my life that the next ideas refer to, like digits 121-130:

• 85 – happened around 1985 when I was 10
• 211 – my brother Jon, because the number that is really him (34) occurs right before 211 in digits 91-100
• 0555 – three 5’s is childhood, childhood, childhood. 0 just hangs on, no meaning
• 9 – great (trinity times trinity)

So 8521105559 means that around 1985 my brother Jon made my childhood better.

The next step is to reverse the passive association from number-to-idea and intentionally use the idea as a clue for the number. The hard part is relating the ideas triggered by the numbers in ways that make enough sense to remember. It is a very creative process. Once the original encoding is done, once I have ideas assigned to the numbers in such a way that each 10-digit chunk tells a story, then the continuous recall of the idea sequence becomes meditative – relaxing, centering. I cannot obsess about problems if I am concentrating fiercely on recreating the story from its trail of numerical clues.

Hints for Memorizing Pi

1. How you encode it highly effects how you can remember it. If you memorize it on a keyboard, you can recreate it on a keyboard, but saying it out of your head without a screen in front of you is an entirely different act.
2. Don’t repeat an error too many times. The more times you say the wrong thing, the more likely you are to say the same thing wrong next time.
3. Weirder stories work better. They have to make enough sense to remember, but the more vivid they are, the easier they stick.
4. Encode the minimum to recall the chunk. Only about 6 of every 10 numbers has a meaning in my own encoding – the rest of the digits just ‘hold on’ meaninglessly to a strongly-remembered number beside them.
5. Different strategies create links from different parts of your brain. Color, visual structure, sound, movement, saying the numbers out loud vs. in your head, even reciting with your eyes open or closed – every difference results in slightly different neuronal activation, which buys you a couple more clues.
6. Be creative in your associations so numbers can act like nouns, adjectives and verbs. If you remember the phone number of a childhood friend, that number could represent that era of your life, the personality characteristics of that friend, that friend themselves, the state you lived in when you knew them…
7. Keep a pocket Pi in your pocket. It’ll be there next time you find yourself thinking about something you don’t want to be thinking about, waiting for the bus or in line at the bank, and if you’re following a trail of numerical clues to your own story, you can’t bum out about other stuff. Meditation on the fly.

To make your own, write numbers with no punctuation:

___________ Current cell phone

___________ home phone,

___________ parent’s phone

___________ current friend’s phone

___________ first childhood phone # you remember

___________ SS#

___________ Own Birth Date

___________ mom’s birth date

___________ dad’s birth date

___________ sibling’s birth date

___________ friend’s birth date

___________ Current house #

___________ current zip code

___________ Year of HS graduation

___________ Favorite/childhood locker combo

___________ shoesize

___________ ideal weight

___________ worst grade ever in a class

___________ score of most memorable sporting event you played in or watched

___________ channel you watch most often on TV

___________ radio station you listen to most often

Freebies:

• #s w/ cultural meaning: 69, 420, 10-4, 911, 666, to 86 something, 007, 501 (Jeans), 42, 747 (plane), 13 (unlucky)

• Decades: 30’s depression, 40s war, 50s innocence, 60s political hippies, 70s pot hippies/cool music, 80s cheesy music/childhood memories, 90s DINKland/memories/dotcom explosion, 00s life after HS (college for me)

Now decide the string of numbers you want to encode. Try to find instances where 2 or 3 numbers occur in the same sequence from the numbers you wrote of your own ideas. Once you have three ideas, glue them together with a story. That’s it!

In case you have fun with this, I always through a Pi Party on 3/14 every year. No one has taken me up on my memorization challenge. By all means, keep my email, and come over to eat round/spherical/cylindrical things and hang out with interesting weird people at my house next March. Good luck!

3…

1415926535 8979323846 2643383279 5028841971 6939937510

5820974944 5923078164 0628620899 8628034825 3421170679

8214808651 3282306647 0938446095 5058223172 5359408128

4811174502 8410270193 8521105559 6446229489 5493038196

4428810975 6659334461 2847564823 3786783165 2712019091

4564856692 3460348610 4543266482 1339360726 0249141273

7245870066 0631558817 4881520920 9628292540 9171536436

7892590360 0113305305 4882046652 1384146951 9415116094

3305727036 5759591953 0921861173 8193261179 3105118548

0744623799 6274956735 1885752724 8912279381 8301194912

Does TV cause ADHD?

Since I really don't want to rewrite my PhD application, I've spent a little while researching ADHD and its connection to TV. Scientific American Mind's website does not charge to look at an article so I used their sources and searched the scientific literature on scholar.google.com using their names.

Here's what I learned: I was wrong.

Background: The first link below goes to the best article about background ADHD research, not pushing an opinion one way or the other on whether TV causes it. From that I learned that ADHD is overwhelmingly genetic -- well-controlled research shows that only 20% of cases are not genetically influenced, meaning only 1 out of 5 kids gets it purely from the environment. It's complicated (of course) because parents with genetic tendency toward ADHD themselves also make certain kinds of parenting errors -- bad boundaries, largely -- and they themselves have the same problems their children do, namely impulsivity and lack of emotional control. What surprised me: ADHD brains are physically smaller, they're missing brain tissue, in many different parts, not just one like I'd thought. ADHD kids don't have the option of obeying when they're asked to maintain focus or control impulses because they simply don't have as much brain to control 'executive function' or inhibition. Uppers like Ritalin allow what tissue they do have to light up and so they get the OPTION of exerting control over their behavior like normal kids have from the start. This background article also has a section on strategies you can use to help a kid take advantage of the choice to exert self-control even if he only has it for two seconds -- stuff like hanging STOP sign next to the dinner table and teaching the child to count to himself when he gets ramped. The good news: some ADHD brains get normal on their own. Sometimes not the whole brain is smaller, just a little of it, and the brain sort of gets back on track and heals itself by adolescence. Since neither of you guys have a family history of ADHD, since you guys put so much time into stimulating other parts of Lucian's development, and since he could be fascinated by a book with no pictures by the age of 3, I'd be surprised if his whole brain is affected -- but the descriptions of typical ADHD behavior might even resonate so much with you that they'll be comforting. This is a physical thing and there is a LOT of money being poured into solving it.

Whether TV causes it: It is nowhere near as solidly established as I'd thought, and it's still very controversial. The critical window is from birth to 3 or 4 years old -- during that time, every hour per day increases the likelihood of an attention disorder at age 7 by roughly 10%, using data from 1300+ kids (but self-report from their parents regarding how much time they watched tv, which means they probably watched more than they reported; that doesn't change the results too much since it would be true for parents who let their kids watch a lot of tv as well as parents who restrict it). A careful comparison of types of media shows that educational tv causes fewer problems (actually is less strongly correlated with them; I am biased because I believe the correlation is causal, sorry). This may be because the unnaturally fast and so hypnotic rate of image change in entertainment tv ramps up the nervous system's expectations for stimulation, and prevents stimulation from reaching normal levels in parts of the brain not involved in sensory processing.

But there's contrary evidence too; apparently how much tv a kid watches at age 5 does not correlate strongly with attentional disorder at age 6, and the debate between researchers is so vicious it's flat out funny. I was wrong because I thought the causality had been totally established -- like smoking causing cancer -- but actually it hasn't. The way the nervous system works and other evidence points that way, but it totally is not proven, and a lot of people get really up in arms about it. I suggest you read it for yourself, because I'm already pretty convinced, and I don't find the contrary evidence anywhere near as solid.

My conclusions: it's known for certain that an infant brain comes fully wired, overly wired, with neurons so messily connected in one big chunk that it's like white noise on an old tv -- every frequency is busy and the result is useless, just full-bore meaningless 'on'. Healthy brains actually develop by LOSING connections, not making them -- in order to get a symphony from solid white noise, you have to delete the extra clashing frequencies you don't want, and then what you do want is clear and meaningul. The brain maintains connections that get used; a child whose time is spent highly stimulated visually will keep those pathways very strong, but they will not need pathways unrelated to nervous system stimulation -- so lots of other connections will die that otherwise would not, and you get a kid with a smaller brain who has a very high requirement for external stimulation. This may not lead to ADHD, but high requirements for external stimulation lead to a host of other issues, namely boredom, which produces a tendency toward addiction, risky decisions and unacceptable social behavior. Here's what it does in an adult: http://www.sciam.com/article.cfm?id=the-science-of-boredom.

So: it isn't proven that tv causes ADHD, but it is highly correlated before age 3 or 4, and what is known about critical windows of development suggest that the nervous system can get rigged for stimulation in such a way that the investment in less tv now will pay off in a less bored child (and a less frustrated parent) later. If it means turning your infant's seat so he sees you instead of the TV, or working on keeping the tv off more overall, it sounds worth the effort to me.

My sources:
http://www.sciam.com/article.cfm?id=informing-the-adhd-debate
Comprehensive review of research on ADHD

http://www.sciam.com/article.cfm?id=tv-weakens-attention
Relationship of ADHD and infant TV exposure
http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/cgi/content/full/113/4/708
The actual research that little article is based on; pretty technical, but the abstract and the introduction are mostly in English
http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/cgi/content/abstract/120/5/986
What type of media seems to cause the problem (they compare violent, non-violent/non-educational, and educational)

http://www.sciam.com/article.cfm?id=the-science-of-boredom
What rapid-fire entertainment does to an adult: high stimulation requirements, boredom and addiction

After an hour of successful procrastination, I now have to have lunch and get to work.

Happy Hanging Things!

The subject -- Happy Hanging Things -- is the literal translation of 'Merry Christmas' in Arapaho. It's a fantastic reflection of what the non-indigenous religious celebrations really looked like from the perspective of Native Americans -- a rather less trumped-up version of what happens come December. This picture shows our stockings so traditionally hung, and it gives me the chance to tell you about my newest Harry Potter too -- in Arabic! It was given to me by Eleanor and Ray, who have added Qatar (near Kuwait) to my lifetime travel plans.

The three last snowfalls became the beginning of my winter Snow Slide project -- which so far reaches the upper level of my deck, but is not yet functional. It's strategically located in perpetual shade, so hopefully it will last until about June.

After my humongous shoveling project I flew to visit the Rectani, some good friends from my stint in Blacksburg. They live in Carlsbad, California -- this morning it was too hot to wear a flannel over my t-shirt when I took this rather uninteresting picture on the beach. Commercial air transportation is an awesome thing.

May your 2008 bring you all the peace -- or adventure -- you most enjoy.